Abstract: In this study, researchers demonstrated powerful use of current molecular techniques for a veterinary forensic case of cattle thievery. This study aimed the identification of meat samples whether they belong to the same individuals to unveil the truth behind a case of thievery. The swab samples were collected from the crime scene and a catering factory from which the raw meet was allegedly stolen. To determine if the meat samples belonged to the same ruminant species, a PCR analysis was conducted based on amplification of the species-specific 12S-rRNA region in mtDNA. To determine if the meat samples belong to the same individiual, DNA profiling of the the autosomal micro-satellite loci common to all ruminants was employed. Using a commercial DNA isolation kit with a slight modification of test procedure, DNA was isolated from cotton swabs which were kept in improper condition for a period of longer than a year. No DNA band was obtained in agarose gel electrophoresis and no meaningful concentration value was obtained in spectrofotometric methods. However, isolated DNA was sufficient enough for PCR analysis and successful PCR results were obtained to conclude the case. As a result, the swab sample collected from the crime scene and suspected meat samples were bovine origin but their micro-satellites results exhibited that they belong to different individual from each other. Thus, the results of this study prevented the time loss due to false interpretation of the evidence and even a false accusation.