Authors : Jize Zhang, Xiangshu Piao and Defa Li
Abstract: Results from different trails have provided evidence of protective effects of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs) on heart and skeletal muscle. But the induction of Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) by n-3 PUFAs in these protective effects has never been reported before. The aim of this study was to find out if the marine n-3 fatty acids Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and of the plant-derived Alpha Linolenic Acid (ALA) and Stearidonic Acid (SDA) can induce HIFs in C2C12 myotubes and subsequent effect on cell metabolism. The n-3 PUFAs, especially DHA, EPA and SDA increased the levels of protein and mRNA in HIF-2α at 72 h. Meanwhile, n-3 PUFAs also elevated the expression of HIF related transcriptional factors like PDK4 and PPARα at 72 h. The reprogramming of basal metabolism in C2C12 myotubes increased in GLUT4 and CPT1b gene expression by treatment of n-3 PUFAs at 72 h. UCP2 was increased by n-3 PUFAs for attenuating production of ROS at 72 h. n-3 PUFAs, especially DHA, EPA and SDA could induce HIF-2α which is associated with upregulation of PDK4 by activation of PPARα. This process also implies a reprogramming of basal metabolism and oxidative damage protection in C2C12 myotubes.
Jize Zhang, Xiangshu Piao and Defa Li , 2012. Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Induction of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-2 Alpha in C2C12 Myotubes. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11: 1411-1419.