Abstract: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth major crop of the world after rice, wheat and maize. Ethiopia has possibly the highest potential for potato production of any country in Africa. However in Ethiopia, the yield per unit area of potato is very low compared to those of other countries. There are many factors that reduce the yield of the crop among which the diseases like late blight (Phytophthora infestans), early blight (Alternaria solani), bacterial wilt (Ralstonia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum) and Viruses are play an important role. Hence, the objective of this paper is to review the major potato diseases and some major attempt done to overcome the challenges of diseases in potato growing regions. Bacterial wilt is caused by a pathogen that isn’t easily managed. There is need for more research on the epidemiology and the host-pathogen interaction in order to devise the most appropriate management strategy. Late blight of potato, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont. De Bary) is among its most important diseases, being especially, devastating in the major potato growing areas. Serious economic consequences often result from complete or partial devastation of infected fields. In Ethiopia the disease caused 100% crop loss on unimproved local cultivar and 67.1% on a susceptible variety. Integrated management of late blight through the use of resistant potato clones, fungicides and cultural measures appear to offer the best option for disease management in the tropical highlands of Africa. As potato is propagated by vegetative means, virus diseases could easily disseminate and accumulate in tubers causing degeneration of varieties and subsequent reduction in potato tuber yield. Potato viruses such as PLRV, PVY and PVX are the major causes for degeneration of varieties. Since, there is no viricide available the damage due to viruses can be minimized by managing host genotype and cultural practices. Therefore, adopting Integrated Disease Management (IDM) approach is the most effective, environmentally safe and low costly to the users.