Research Journal of Pharmacology

Year: 2011
Volume: 5
Issue: 5
Page No. 68 - 76

Anti-Microbial and Phyto-Chemical Properties of Crude Extracts of Garcinia kola Heckel Stems Used for Oral Health

Authors : C. Antwi-Boasiako and A. Abubakari

References

Adegboye, M.F., D.A. Akinpelu and A.I. Okoh, 2008. The bioactive and phytochemical properties of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seed extract on some pathogens. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 7: 3934-3938.
Direct Link  |  

Adu-Tutu, M., L.Y. Afful, K. Asante-Appiah, D. Lieberman, J.B. Hall and M. Elvin-Lewis, 1979. Chewing stick usage in Southern Ghana. Econ. Bot., 33: 320-328.
CrossRef  |  

Afolayan, A.J. and A.A. Aliero, 2006. Antimicrobial activity of Solanum tomentosum. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 5: 369-372.

Afolayan, A.J., 2003. Extracts from the shoots of Arctotis arctotoides inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. Pharm. Biol., 41: 22-25.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Agyili, J., S. Moctar and K. Christophe, 2006. Garcinia kola Heckel. Seed Leaflet, 1: 1-2.
Direct Link  |  

Akerele, J.O., O. Obasuyi, M.I. Ebomoyi, I.E. Oboh and O.H. Uwumarongie, 2008. Antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract and fractions of the seeds of Garcinia kola Heckel (Guttiferae). Afr. J. Biotechnol., 7: 169-172.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Almas, K., 1993. Miswak (chewing stick) and its role in oral health. Postgrad. Dentist Middle East, 3: 214-218.
Direct Link  |  

Antwi-Boasiako, C. and A. Damoah, 2010. Investigation of synergistic effects of extracts from Erythrophleum suaveolens, Azadirachta indica and Chromolaena odorata on the durability of Antiaris toxicaria. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 64: 97-103.
CrossRef  |  

Basile, A., S. Sorbo, S. Giordano, L. Ricciardi and S. Ferrara et al., 2000. Antibacterial and allelopathic activity of extract from Castanea sativa leaves. Fitoterapia, 71: S110-S116.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Buadu, C.Y. and A.E. Boakye-Yiadom, 1973. The antibacterial activity of extract from some Ghanian chewing sticks. Ghana Pharmac. J., 1: 150-153.

Cetin, T.E. and N. Gurler, 1989. The experiment for antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria. J. Kukem, 12: 2-5.

Daubenfeld, T., M. Hossann, W.E. Trommer and G. Niedner-Schatteburg, 2005. On the contentious sequence and glycosylation motif of the ribosome inactivating plant protein gelonin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 333: 984-989.
PubMed  |  

Du Toit, R., Y. Volsteedt and Z. Apostolides, 2001. Comparison of the antioxidant content of fruits, vegetables and teas measured as Vitamin C equivalents. Toxicology, 166: 63-69.
CrossRef  |  

Ebana, R.U.B., B.E. Madunagu, E.D. Ekpe and I.N. Otung, 1991. Microbiological exploitation of cardiac glycosides and alkaloids from Garcinia kola, Borreria ocymoides, Kola nitida and Citrus aurantifolia. J. Applied Microbiol., 71: 398-401.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Eloff, J.N., 1998. Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants? J. Ethnopharmacol., 60: 1-8.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Fadulu, S.O., 1975. The antibacterial properties of the buffer extracts of chewing sticks used in Nigeria. Planta Med., 27: 123-126.
PubMed  |  

Flores, C., J. Alarcon, J. Becerra, M. Bittner, M. Hoeneisen and Y.M. Silva, 2001. Extractable compounds of native trees chemical and biological study I: Bark of Prumnopytis andina (Podocarpaceae) and Austrocedrus chilensis (Cupressaceae). Bol. Soc. Chil. Quim., Vol. 46. 10.4067/S0366-16442001000100010

Harborne, A.J. and J.B. Harbourne, 1998. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. 3rd Edn., Chapman and Hall, London.

Igwea, S.A., D.N. Akunyilib, P.C. Igwea and E.U. Ikonnec, 2007. Ocular dynamics of Garcina kola (Heckel) on healthy volunteers following bolus ingestion. South African Optometrist., 66: 24-29.

Iwasa, K., D.U. Lee, S.I. Kang and W. Wiegrebe, 1998. Antimicrobial activity of 8-alkyl- and 8-phenyl-substituted berberines and their 12-bromo derivatives. J. Nat. Prod., 61: 1150-1553.

Iwasa, K., M. Kamigauchi, M. Sugiura and H. Nanba, 1997. Antimicrobial activity of some 13-alkyl substituted protoberberinium salts. Planta Med., 63: 196-198.
CrossRef  |  

Iwu, M.M., 2002. Therapeutic Agents from Ethnomedicine. In: Ethnomedicine and Drug Discovery, Iwu, M.M. and J.C. Wootton (Eds.). Elsevier Science, Amsterdam.

Just, M.J., M.C. Recio, R.M. Giner, M.J. Cuellar, S. Manez, A.R. Bilia and J.L. Rios, 1998. Anti-inflammatory activity of unusual lupane saponins from Bupleurum fruticescens. Planta Med., 64: 404-407.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Kone, W.M., K.K. Atindehou, C. Terreaux, K. Hostettmann, D. Traore and M. Dosso, 2004. Traditional medicine in North Côte-d’Ivoire: Screening of 50 medicinal plants for antibacterial activity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 93: 43-49.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Li, H., Z. Wang and Y. Liu, 2003. [Review in the studies on tannins activity of cancer prevention and anticancer]. Zhong Yao Cai, 26: 444-448, (In Chinese).
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Lindsey, K., A.K. Jager, D.M. Raidoo and J. van Staden, 1999. Screening of plants used by Southern African traditional healers in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea for prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitors and uterine relaxing activity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 64: 9-14.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Mahady, G.B., S.L. Pendland, A. Stoia and L.R. Chadwick, 2003. In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to isoquinoline alkaloids from Sanguinaria Canadensis and Hydrastis Canadensis. Phytother. Res., 17: 217-221.
CrossRef  |  

Manna, A. and M.E. Abalaka, 2000. Preliminary screening of the various extracts of Physalis angulata (L.) for antimicrobial activities. Spectr. J., 7: 119-125.

Marchese, A. and G.C. Shito, 2001. Resistance patterns of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Europe. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 16: 25-29.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Meurer-Grimes, B., D.L. McBeth, B. Hallihan and S. Delph, 1996. Antimicrobial activity in medicinal plants of the Scrophulariaceae and Acanthaceae. Int. J. Pharmacognosy, 34: 243-248.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Moolla, A., 2005. A phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of indigenous agathosma species. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

NCCLS., 2000. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. Approved Standard M7-A5, National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, PA., USA.

Nikaido, H. and T. Nakae, 1979. The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Adv. Microb. Physiol., 20: 163-250.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Okaraonye, C.C. and J.C. Ikewuchi, 2009. Nutritional and antinutritional components of Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach). Pak. J. Nutr., 8: 32-34.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Okpekon, T., S. Yolou, C. Gleye, F. Roblot and P. Loiseau et al., 2004. Antiparasitic activities of medicinal plants used in Ivory Coast. J. Ethnopharmacol., 90: 91-97.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Okunji, C.O. and M.M. Iwu, 1991. Molluscidal activity of Garcinia kola biflavanones. Fitoterapia, 62: 74-76.

Okwu, D.E., 2001. Evaluation of the chemical composition of medicinal plants belonging to Euphorbiaceae. Pak. Vet. J., 14: 160-162.

Okwu, D.E., 2005. Phytochemicals, vitamins and mineral contents of two Nigerian medicinal plants. Int. J. Mol. Med. Adv. Sci., 1: 375-381.

Olajide, O.A., M.A. Aderogba, A.D.A. Adedapo and J.M. Makinde, 2004. Effects of Anacardium occidentale stem bark extract on in vivo inflammatory models. J. Ethnopharmacol., 95: 139-142.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Omar, S., B. Lemonnier, N. Jones, C. Ficker and M.L. Smith et al., 2000. Antimicrobial activity of extracts of eastern North American hardwood trees and relation to traditional medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol., 73: 161-170.
PubMed  |  

Otani, M., N. Shitan, K. Sakai, E. Martinoia, F. Sato and K. Yazaki, 2005. Characterization of vacuolar transport of the endogenous alkaloid berberine in Coptis japonica. Plant Physiol., 138: 1939-1946.
CrossRef  |  

Parekh, J. and S. Chanda, 2007. Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on twelve species of Indian medicinal plants. Afr. J. Biomed. Res., 10: 175-181.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Poole, K., 2001. Overcoming antimicrobial resistance by targeting resistance mechanisms. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 53: 283-294.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Romero, C.D., S.F. Chopin, G. Buck, E. Martinez, M. Garcia and L. Bixby, 2005. Antibacterial properties of common herbal remedies of the Southwest. J. Ethnopharmacol., 99: 253-257.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Russell, A.D. and F.R. Furr, 1977. The antibacterial activity of a new chloroxylenol preparation containing ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. J. Applied Bacteriol., 43: 253-260.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Scalbert, A., 1991. Antimicrobial properties of tannins. Phytochemistry, 30: 3875-3883.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Steppuhn, A., K. Gase, B. Krock, R. Halitschke and I.T. Baldwin, 2004. Nicotine's defensive function in nature. PLoS Biol., 2: E217-E217.
PubMed  |  

Tanimowo, W.O., O.A. Osiyemi and J.S. Ashidi, 2011. Antibacterial and phytochemical activity of Anthocleista djalonensis (A.Chev). Imperial J. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 1: 21-28.
Direct Link  |  

Taylor, J.L.S., T. Rabe, L.J. McGaw, A.K. Jager and J. van Staden, 2001. Towards the scientific validation of traditional medicinal plants. Plant Growth Regul., 34: 23-37.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Trease, G.E. and W.C. Evans, 1978. A Textbook of Pharmacognosy. 11th Edn., Bailliere Tindall, London, Pages: 530.

Westh, H., C.S. Zinn and V.T. Rosdahl, 2004. An international multicenter study of antimicrobial consumption and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 15 hospitals in 14 countries. Microb. Drug Resist., 10: 169-176.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Yao, J. and R. Moellering, 1995. Antibacterial Agents. In: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, Murray, P., E. Baron, M. Pfaller, F. Tenover and R. Yolken (Eds.). ASM Press, Washington, DC., pp: 1281-1290.

Design and power by Medwell Web Development Team. © Medwell Publishing 2024 All Rights Reserved