Authors : M. Fathi, K. Nazer adl, Y. Ebrahim Nezhad, H. Aghdam Shahryar, M. Daneshyar and T. Tanha
Abstract: The present study examined the possible role of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of heart failure in broilers. The experiment was conducted with 160, 1 day old male broilers (Ross 308) to investigate to clarify the mechanism of cell injury causing the pathogenesis of PHS syndrome. The chickens were divided in 2 groups of 4 replicates and 20 chicks for any replicate. One group of these chickens was raised in Normal Temperature (NT) treatment and the other group was raised in Cold Temperature (CT) treatment for induce pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Mortality was inspected to determine cause of death and diagnose of heart failure. Hematological, biochemical and pathological tests were used to determine the incidence of PHS including total Red Blood Cell (RBC), Hemoglobin (HGB), Hematocrit (HCT), release of Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and a best indicator of lipid oxidation subsequent to generated oxidative stress was Malondialdehyde (MDA). Sampling of blood and liver tissue were determined at day 21 and 42. At end of the experiment (week 6), 2 chicks from each replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered. The heart was removed; the right ventricle was dissected away from the left ventricle and septum then ratio of Right Ventricle weight to Total Ventricle weight (RV/TV) calculated too. The results of the experiment indicated that there was a significant difference in RBC, HBG at 21 and HGB, RBC, HCT at 42 between groups as CT group had a greater (p<0.05) HGB, RBC at 21 and HBG, RBC, HCT at 42. However, there was no significant difference in ALT, AST and LDH plasma levels between groups at day 21, CT group had greater (p<0.05) levels in AST, ALT and LDH at day 42. The levels malondialdehyde equivalents an indicator of lipid oxidation sub-sequent to generated oxidative stress at plasma and liver tissue was significantly higher (p<0.05) in CT group at day 21 and 42. RV/TV ratio and mortality due to ascites, also were significantly affected by treatments as CT group had greater (p<0.05) RV/TV and mortality due to ascites mortality percentage compared to NT group. In conclusion, the results indicated that the deteriration of heart function in modern fast growing broilers in the experimental model is associated with oxidative stress leading to lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species may be involved in the pathogenesis of the pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broilers chickens.
M. Fathi, K. Nazer adl, Y. Ebrahim Nezhad, H. Aghdam Shahryar, M. Daneshyar and T. Tanha, 2011. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Development of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in Broiler with Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (PHS). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10: 2724-2729.