Abstract: Canada’s latest projections for greenhouse gas emissions fall well short of meetings its obligations under the Copenhagen accord. In spite of this shortcoming, Canada has made progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions under its federal sector-by-sector regulatory approach. There is wide variation between provinces concerning reducing greenhouse gas emissions with many Canadian provinces successfully reducing emissions in line with Copenhagen accord commitments. Alberta’s role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions relative to other provinces is shown in this study to require greater effort. This study addresses Alberta’s role in the failure of Canada to meet required greenhouse gas reductions by 2020 and puts forth strategic options for transitioning toward a low-carbon economy. This study is relevant to Canadian policy makers by illustrating gaps in Canadian climate policy and Canada’s ability to meet international commitments in reducing GHG emissions. This study offers analysis of the current state of Canadian policy concerning GHG emissions and offers insight on long-term strategy options. This is particularly relevant during periods of political change such as the current transition federally as well as provincially in Alberta in 2015.