Abstract: Calliandra calothyrsus and Sesbania sesban multipurpose agroforestry species are being promoted in Sub Saharan Africa to solve the problem of soil productivity and fuelwood scarcity. Vi Agroforestry Project and other development agencies in Uganda are promoting them as fuelwood sources. However, little is known about their rates of adoption. An effort was undertaken in Masaka and Rakai district, Uganda to assess the rate of adoption of the 2 tree species. Primary data was collected using survey methodology, three focus group meetings were held in each zone making a total of six meetings in the two zones. Open-ended interviews were used with non-government and government extension officers and with key informants in the area. Observation and physical counting of trees for every tenth household surveyed was done. The results of the Logit analysis model show that there is a strong relationship between on-farm income source, frequency of extension services, use of Calliandra as fodder and on- farm sources of firewood and adoption. The other household-level socio-economic characteristics such as age, income levels and farm experiences have not have a significant effect to the adoption of Calliandra and Sesbania. On the basis of the findings of this study, therefore, the role of policy makers in devising appropriate demographic and socio-economic policies to accelerate the rate of adoption appears to be important in the areas with conditions similar to those in Masaka and Rakai district, Uganda.