References

Adlercreutz, P., 2013. Immobilisation and application of lipases in organic media. Chem. Soc. Rev., 42: 6406-6436.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Branco, R.V., E. Gutarra, M. Limoeiro, D.M.G. Freire and R.V. Almeida, 2010. Immobilization and characterization of a recombinant thermostable lipase (Pf2001) from Pyrococcus furiosus on supports with different degrees of hydrophobicity. Enzyme Res., 2010: 1-8.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Cai, H., Y. Li, M. Zhao, G. Fu and J. Lai et al., 2015. Immobilization, regiospecificity characterization and application of Aspergillus oryzae lipase in the enzymatic synthesis of the structured lipid 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol. PloS One, 10: 1-19.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Cao, Y., S. Qi, Y. Zhang, X. Wang and B. Yang et al., 2013. Synthesis of structured lipids by lipase-catalyzed interesterification of triacetin with camellia oil methyl esters and preliminary evaluation of their plasma lipid-lowering effect in mice. Mol., 18: 3733-3744.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Chen, M.L., S.R. Vali, J.Y. Lin and Y.H. Ju, 2004. Synthesis of the structured lipid 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol from palm oil. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 81: 525-532.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ebrahimpour, A., R.N.Z.R.A. Rahman, M. Basri and A.B. Salleh, 2011. High level expression and characterization of a novel thermostable, organic solvent tolerant, 1,3-regioselective lipase from Geobacillus sp. strain ARM. Bioresour. Technol., 102: 6972-6981.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Foresti, M.L. and M.L. Ferreira, 2007. Chitosan-immobilized lipases for the catalysis of fatty acid esterifications. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 40: 769-777.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Fredrick, E., I. Foubert, J. Van De Sype and K. Dewettinck, 2008. Influence of monoglycerides on the crystallization behavior of palm oil. Cryst. Growth Des., 8: 1833-1839.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ghazali, H.M., S. Hamidah and Y.B. Che Man, 1995. Enzymatic transesterification of palm olein with nonspecific and 1,3‐specific lipases. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 72: 633-639.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Guo, Z. and Y. Sun, 2007. Solvent-free production of 1,3-diglyceride of CLA: Strategy consideration and protocol design. Food Chem., 100: 1076-1084.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Hamam, F., 2013. Specialty lipids in health and disease. Food Nutr. Sci., 4: 63-70.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Khodadadi, M., S. Aziz, R. St-Louis and S. Kermasha, 2013. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis and characterization of flaxseed oil-based structured lipids. J. Funct. Foods, 5: 424-433.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kim, H.R., C.T. Hou, K.T. Lee, B.H. Kim and I.H. Kim, 2010. Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids using a novel cold-active lipase from Pichia lynferdii NRRL Y-7723. Food Chem., 122: 846-849.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Koh, S.P., K. Long, C.P. Tan, M.S.A. Yusoff and O.M. Lai et al., 2011. The use of enzymatically synthesized medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT) oil blends in food application. Intl. Food Res. J., 18: 355-365.
Direct Link  |  

Kwon, D.Y. and J.S. Rhee, 1986. A simple and rapid colorimetric method for determination of free fatty acids for lipase assay. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 63: 89-92.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Lee, K.T. and C.C. Akoh, 1998. Structured lipids: Synthesis and applications. Food Rev. Intl., 14: 17-34.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Lee, Y.Y., T.K. Tang, E.T. Phuah, N.A. Ab Karim and S.M.M. Alwi et al., 2015. Palm-based Medium-and-Long-Chain Triacylglycerol (P-MLCT): Production via enzymatic interesterification and optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). J. Food Sci. Technol., 52: 685-696.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Lida, H.N., K. Sundram, W.L. Siew, A. Aminah and S. Mamot, 2002. TAG composition and solid fat content of palm oil, sunflower oil and palm kernel olein belends before and after chemical interesterification. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 79: 1137-1144.
CrossRef  |  

Ming, L.O., H.M. Ghazali and C.C. Let, 1999. Use of enzymatic transesterified palm stearin-sunflower oil blends in the preparation of table margarine formulation. Food Chem., 64: 83-88.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Nawani, N., R. Singh and J. Kaur, 2006. Immobilization and stability studies of a lipase from thermophilic Bacillus sp. The effect of a process parameters on immobilization of enzyme. Elect. J. Biotechnol., 90: 563-565.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Neff, W.E., W.C. Byrdwell, K.R. Steidley, G.R. List and G. Snowder, 2002. Triacylglycerol structure of animal tallows, potential food formulation fats, by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol., 25: 985-998.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

O'fallon, J.V., J.R. Busboom, M.L. Nelson and C.T. Gaskins, 2007. A direct method for fatty acid methyl ester synthesis: Application to wet meat tissues, oils and feedstuffs. J. Anim. Sci., 85: 1511-1521.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Palla, C.A. and M.E. Carrin, 2014. Kinetics modeling of the acidolysis with immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipases for production of structured lipids from sunflower oil. Biochem. Eng. J., 90: 184-194.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Rahman, M.B.A., U.H. Zaidan, M. Basri, M.Z. Hussein and R.N.Z.R.A. Rahman et al., 2008. Enzymatic synthesis of methyl adipate ester using lipase from Candida rugosa immobilised on Mg, Zn and Ni of Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs). J. Mol. Catal. B. Enzym., 50: 33-39.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Rashid, N.A., C.C. Let, C.C. Seng and Z. Omar, 2012. Crystallisation kinetics of palm stearin, palm kernel olein and their blends. LWT. Food Sci. Technol., 46: 571-573.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Reshma, M.V., S.S. Saritha, C. Balachandran and C. Arumughan, 2008. Lipase catalyzed interesterification of palm stearin and rice bran oil blends for preparation of zero trans shortening with bioactive phytochemicals. Bioresour. Technol., 99: 5011-5019.
PubMed  |  

Romdhane, I.B.B., Z.B. Romdhane, M. Bouzid, A. Gargouri and H. Belghith, 2013. Application of a chitosan-immobilized Talaromyces thermophilus lipase to a batch biodiesel production from waste frying oils. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 171: 1986-2002.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Saadi, S., A.A. Ariffin, H.M. Ghazali, M.S. Miskandar and H.C. Boo et al., 2012. Application of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), HPLC and pNMR for interpretation primary crystallisation caused by combined low and high melting TAGs. Food Chem., 132: 603-612.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Suescun, A., N. Rueda, J.C. Dos Santos, J.J. Castillo and C. Ortiz et al., 2015. Immobilization of lipases on glyoxyl-octyl supports: Improved stability and reactivation strategies. Process Biochem., 50: 1211-1217.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Tan, C.P. and Y.B.C. Man, 2002. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis of palm oil, palm oil based products and coconut oil: Effects of scanning rate variation. Food Chem., 76: 89-102.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Wang, Y., L. Xia, X. Xu, L. Xie and Z. Duan, 2012. Lipase-catalyzed acidolysis of canola oil with caprylic acid to produce medium-, long-and medium-chain-type structured lipids. Food Bioprod. Process., 90: 707-712.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Watanabe, T., M. Shimizu, M. Sugiura, M. Sato and J. Kohori et al., 2003. Optimization of reaction conditions for the production of DAG using immobilized 1,3‐regiospecific lipase lipozyme RM IM. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 80: 1201-1207.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Xie, W. and J. Wang, 2012. Immobilized lipase on magnetic chitosan microspheres for transesterification of soybean oil. Biomass Bioenergy, 36: 373-380.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Xu, Y., X. Zhao, Q. Wang, Z. Peng and C. Dong, 2016. Thermal profiles, crystallization behaviors and microstructure of diacylglycerol-enriched palm oil blends with diacylglycerol-enriched palm olein. Food Chem., 202: 364-372.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Zhang, X., L. Li, H. Xie, Z. Liang and J. Su et al., 2013. Comparative analysis of thermal behavior, isothermal crystallization kinetics and polymorphism of palm oil fractions. Mol., 18: 1036-1052.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |