References

Arendell, T., 2000. Conceiving and investigating motherhood: The decade's scholarship. J. Marriage Family, 62: 1192-1207.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Collins, P.H., 2005. Black Women and Motherhood. In: Motherhood and Space: Configurations of the Maternal through Politics, Home and the Body. Hardy, S. and C. Wiedmer (Eds.). Macmillan, New York, USA., pp: 173-199.

Coltrane, S., 2000. Research on household labor: Modeling and measuring the social embeddedness of routine family work. J. Marriage Family, 62: 1208-1233.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Cooksey, E.C., 1997. Consequences of young mothers' marital histories for children's cognitive development. J. Marriage Family, 59: 245-261.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Craig, L., 2006. Does father care mean fathers share? A comparison of how mothers and fathers in intact families spend time with children. Gender Soc., 20: 259-281.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Denzin, N. and Y. Lincoln, 2005. Introduction: Entering the Field of Qualitative Research. In: Handbook of Qualitative Research. Denzin, N. and Y. Lincoln (Eds.). Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA., pp: 1-17.

Dunbar, S.B. and E. Roberts, 2006. An exploration of mothers' perceptions regarding mothering occupations and experiences. Occup. Ther. Health Care, 20: 51-73.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Francis-Connolly, E., 2000. Toward an understanding of mothering: A comparison of two motherhood stages. Am. J. Occup. Ther., 54: 281-289.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Gay, L.R., G.E. Mills and P.W. Airasian, 2009. Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications. 9th Edn., Merrill/Pearson Education International, New Jersey, USA., ISBN: 13-9780132338776, Pages: 618.

Ginn, D., 2004. The Supreme Court of Canada and what it Means to be of Woman Born. In: From Motherhood to Mothering: The Legacy of Adrienne Rich's of Women Born. O'Reilly, A. (Ed.). SUNY Press, Albany, New York, USA., pp: 27-38.

Glenn, E.N., 1994. Social Constructions of Mothering: A Thematic Overview. In: Mothering: Ideology, Experience and Agency. Glenn, E.N., G. Chang and L.R. Forcey (Eds.). Routledge, New York, USA., pp: 1-12.

Graig, L., 2005. Where do they find the time? An analysis of how parents shift and squeeze their time around work and childcare. Proceedings of the Conference on Time-Use and Economic Well-Being, October 28-29, 2005, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, New York, USA., pp: 1-439.

Hardy, S. and C. Wiedmer, 2005. Introduction: Spaces of Motherhood. In: Motherhood and Space: Configurations of the Maternal Through Politics, Home and the Body. Hardy, S. and C. Wiedmer (Eds.). Macmillan, New York, USA., pp: 1-11.

Hays, S., 1998. The Cultural Contradictions of Motherhood. Yale University Press, New Haven, Pages: 252.

Khalifa, B. and R. Nasser, 2015. Parental styles and closeness to the domestic servant as perceived by the children of Qatar. J. Dev. Areas, 49: 497-504.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Khalifa, B., 2009. Parental treatment of children and self-efficacy and the relation with the domestic servant. Al-Azhar Univ. Educ. J., 139: 553-594.

Lincoln, Y.S. and E.G. Guba, 1985. Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publication, Beverly Hills, CA., USA., ISBN-13: 978-0803924314, Pages: 416.

Miles, M.B. and A.M. Huberman, 1984. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Sourcebook of New Methods. 2nd Edn., Sage Publication, Beverly Hills, CA., USA., ISBN-13: 9780803955400, Pages: 338.

Neal, M., J. Finlay and R. Tansey, 2005. My father knows the Minister: A comparative study of Arab women's attitudes towards leadership authority. Gender Manage., 20: 354-375.
Direct Link  |  

Norat, G., 2008. Women Staging Coups Through Mothering; Depictions in Hispanic Contemporary Literature. In: Feminist Mothering. O'Reilly A. (Eds.). SUNY Press, Albany, New York, USA., pp: 18-24.

O'Reilly, A. and S.C. Bizzini, 2009. Introduction. In: From the Personal to the Political: Toward a new Theory of Maternal Narrative. O'Reilly, A. and S.C. Bizzini (Eds.). Susquehanna University Press, Cranbury, NJ., pp: 1-264.

Pande, A., 2012. From balcony talk and practical prayers to illegal collectives migrant domestic workers and meso-level resistances in Lebanon. Gender Soc., 26: 382-405.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Rich, A., 1995. Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution. Norton, New York, USA., Pages: 322.

Ruddick, S., 1989. Maternal Thinking: Towards a Politics of Peace. Beacon, Boston, Massachusetts, Pages: 291.

Rullo, G. and T. Musatti, 2005. Mothering young children: Child care, stress and social life. Eur. J. Psychol. Educ., 20: 107-119.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Sadiqi, F. and M. Ennaji, 2006. The feminization of public space: Women's activism, the family law and social change in Morocco. J. Middle East Women's Stud., 2: 86-114.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Shah, N., H. Badr and M. Shah, 2012. Foreign live-in domestic workers as caretakers of older Kuwaiti men and women: Sociodemographic and health correlates. Ageing Soc., 32: 1008-1029.
Direct Link  |  

Stevens, S., 2004. Of Party-State Born: Motherhood, Reproductive Politics and the Chinese Nation-State. In: From Motherhood to Mothering: The Legacy of Adrienne Rich's of Women Born. O'Reilly, A. (Eds.). SUNY Press, Albany, NY., pp: 44-56.

Verhoeven, M., M. Junger, C. Aken, M. Dekovi and M. Aken, 2010. Mothering, fathering and externalizing behavior in toddler boys. J. Marriage Family, 72: 307-317.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Viruru, R., 2001. Early Childhood Education: Postcolonial Perspectives from India. Sage, New Delhi, India, Pages: 189.

Watson-Franke, M.B., 2004. We have Mama but no Papa: Motherhood in Women-Centered Societies. In: From Motherhood to Mothering: The Legacy of Adrienne Rich's of Women Born. O'Reilly, A. (Eds.). SUNY Press, Albany, NY, pp: 75-80.

Yeung, J.W., M.R. Linver and J. Brooks-Gunn, 2002. How money matters for young children's development: Parental investment and family processes. Child Dev., 73: 1861-1879.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Zaatari, Z., 2006. The Culture of Motherhood: An Avenue for Women's Civil Participation in South Lebanon. J. Middle East Women's Stud., 2: 33-64.
Direct Link  |