Abstract: In this study, we derived ways to improve incentives for the engineers in fire protection systems based theoretically on the principal-agent problem from a perspective to provide a system of incentives which could reduce the uncertainty about the principal’s decisions on choosing their agents. In order to reduce question design errors in the exams for the engineers in fire protection systems, we suggested three points. First, it is necessary to reinforce the system for controlling the processes of designing the exam questions by introducing the processes in accordance with the procedures of designing exam questions for the College Scholastic Ability Test such as a review of the exam questions and the exam question designer’s final confirmation of the exam questions. About second, it is necessary to select firefighting majors as the researchers at the Human Resources Development Service of Korea in charge of the engineers in fire protection systems, readjust their job descriptions into similar job fields and enhance their professionalism by means of various education programs such as regular compulsory refresher education, training programs and in-house education programs. Finally, we raised the need for evaluating merely basic qualification requirements by the written exams for the engineers in fire protection systems but conducting the actual qualification by interview as well as introducing the real-name system for the exam question designers and the exam question reviewers.