Abstract: To compare clinical and radiological results between vertebroplasty and conservative treatment in osteoporotic compression fractures of thoracolumbar spine, 34 patients were reviewed with at least 1 year follow up. Vertebroplasty was used in 14 and conservative treatment was done in 20 fractures. Our retrospective analysis demonstrated that vertebroplasty provided significant pain relief, improvement of motion and reduction of analgesic usage and also provided considerable spinal stabilization that prevented further Kyphosis and collapse.