References

Ahmad-Raus, R., A.M. Ali, W.S. Tan, H.M. Salleh, M. Eshaghi and K. Yusoff, 2009. Localization of the antigenic sites of newcastle disease virus nucleocapsid using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Res. Vet. Sci., 86: 174-182.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Chambers, P., M. Nesbit, K. Yusoff, N.S. Millar, A.C. Samson and P.T. Emmerson, 1988. Location of a neutralizing epitope for the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus. J. Gen. Virol., 69: 2115-2122.
PubMed  |  

Chimeno, Z.S., E. Gomez, E. Carrillo and A. Berinstein, 2008. Locally produced mucosal IgG in chickens immunized with conventional vaccines for Newcastle disease virus. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., 41: 318-323.
PubMed  |  

Daniel, J.K., 1987. Virus isolation from oroparyngeal swabs in attempts to detect persistent Newcastle disease virus infection in chicken. Avian Dis., 31: 293-301.

Han, G.Z., C.Q. He, N.Z. Ding and L.Y. Ma, 2008. Identification of a natural multi-recombinant of Newcastle disease virus. Virology, 371: 54-60.
PubMed  |  

Henaut, A. and A. Danchin, 1996. Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and Molecular Biology. 2nd Edn., Vol. 2, ASM Press, Washington, pp: 2047-2066.

Huang, Z., A. Panda, S. Elankumaran, D. Govindarajan, D.D. Rockemann and S.K. Samal, 2004. The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of newcastle disease virus determines tropism and virulence. J. Virol., 78: 4176-4184.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Kho, C.L., M.L. Mohd-Azmi, S.S. Arshad and K. Yusoff, 2000. Performance of an RT-nested PCR ELISA for detection of Newcastle disease virus. J. Virol. Methods, 86: 71-83.
CrossRef  |  

Kim, S.T., I.H. Park, S.K. Kim, Y.H. Kim, K.H. Cho and S.J. Kwon, 2001. Studies on the immunization against field strain after live Newcastle disease virus vaccination. Korean J. Vet. Service, 24: 147-159.

Laliberte, J.P., L.W. McGinnes and T.G. Morrison, 2007. Incorporation of functional HN-F glycoprotein-containing complexes into newcastle disease virus is dependent on cholesterol and membrane lipid raft integrity. J. Virol., 81: 10636-10648.
Direct Link  |  

Lamb, R.A. and G.D. Parks, 2007. Paramyxoviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication. In: Fields Virology, Knipe, D.M. and P.M. Howley (Eds.). 5th Edn., Kluwer Publisher, Netherlands, pp: 1449-1496.

Makkay, A.M., P.J. Krell and E. Nagy, 1999. Antibody detection-based differential ELISA for NDV-infected or vaccinated chickens versus NDV HN-subunit vaccinated chickens. Vet. Microbiol., 66: 209-222.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Mayo, M.A., 2002. A summary of taxonomic changes recently approved by ICTV. Arch. Virol., 147: 1655-1663.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Mebatsion, T., M.J.M. Koolen, L.T.C. de Vaan, N. de Haas and M. Braber et al., 2002. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) marker vaccine: An immunodominant epitope on the nucleoprotein gene of NDV can be deleted or replaced by a foreign epitope. J. Virol., 76: 10138-10146.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Miers, L.A., R.A. Bankowski and Y.C. Zee, 1983. Optimizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for evaluating immunity of chickens to Newcastle disease. Avian Dis., 27: 1112-1125.
Direct Link  |  

Morrison, T.G., 2003. Structure and function of a paramyxovirus fusion protein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1614: 73-84.
PubMed  |  

Orvell, C., A.R. Alsheikhly, M. Kalantari and B. Johansson, 1997. Characterization of genotype-specific epitopes of the HN protein of mumps virus. J. Gen. Virol., 78: 3187-3193.
Direct Link  |  

Panda, A., Z. Huang, S. Elankumaran, D.D. Rockemann and S.K. Samal, 2004. Role of fusion protein cleavage site in the virulence of Newcastle disease virus. Microb. Pathogenesis, 36: 1-10.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Perozo, F., R. Merino, C.L. Afonso, P. Villegas and N. Calderon, 2008. Biological and phylogenetic characterization of virulent newcastle disease virus circulating in Mexico. Avian Dis., 52: 472-479.
PubMed  |  

Rivetz, B., Y. Weisman, M. Ritterband, F. Fish and M. Herzberg, 1985. Evaluation of a novel rapid kit for the visual detection of Newcastle disease virus antibodies. Avian Dis., 29: 929-942.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Snyder, D.B., W.W. Marquardt, E.T. Mallinson and E. Russek, 1983. Rapid serological profiling by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. I. Measurement of antibody activity titer against Newcastle disease virus in a single serum dilution. Avian Dis., 27: 161-170.
PubMed  |  

Tabidi, M.H., A. Makkawi, E. Mahasin and A.S. Ali, 2004. Comparative evaluation of haemagglutination inhibition test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against newcastle disease vaccine in broiler chicks. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 3: 668-670.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Wilson, R.A., C.Jr. Perrotta, B. Frey and R.J. Eckroade, 1984. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that measures protective antibody levels to Newcastle disease virus in chickens. Avian Dis., 28: 1079-1085.
Direct Link  |