References

Bagust, T.J. and M.A. Johnson, 1995. Avian infectious laryngotracheitis: Virus-host interactions in relation to prospects for eradication. Avian Pathol., 24: 373-391.
PubMed  |  

Bagust, T.J., R.C. Jones and J.S. Guy, 2000. Avian infectious laryngotracheitis. Rev. Sci. Technol., 19: 483-492.

Caughman, G.B., 1985. Equine herpesvirus type 1 infected cell polypeptides: evidence for immediate early/early/late regulation of viral gene expression. Virology, 145: 49-61.
PubMed  |  

Chin, R.P., 2009. Intervention strategies for laryngotracheitis: impact of extended downtime and enhanced biosecurity auditing. Avian Dis., 53: 574-577.
PubMed  |  

Coleman, J.R. and A.R. Terepka, 1972. Fine structural changes associated with the onset of calcium, sodium and water transport by the chick chorioallantoic membrane. J. Membr. Biol., 7: 111-127.
CrossRef  |  

Cover, M.S. and W.J. Benton, 1958. The biological variation of the ILTV. Avian Dis., 2: 375-383.

Dunn, B.E. and T.P. Fitzharris, 1979. Differentiation of the chorionic epithelium of chick embryos maintained in shell-less culture. Dev. Biol., 71: 216-227.
CrossRef  |  

Dunn, I.S. and F.R. Blattner, 1987. Charons 36 to 40: Multi enzyme, high capacity, recombination deficient replacement vectors with polylinkers and polystuffers. Nucleic Acids Res., 15: 2677-2698.
Direct Link  |  

Eizuru, Y., 1984. Application of Hirt supernatant DNA to the molecular epidemiology of cytomegalovirus infections. J. Clin. Microbiol., 20: 1012-1014.
Direct Link  |  

Esposito, J., 1981. The preparation of orthopoxvirus DNA. J. Virol. Methods., 2: 175-179.
PubMed  |  

Gabrielli, M.G. and D. Accili, 2010. The chick chorioallantoic membrane: A model of molecular, structural and functional adaptation to transepithelial ion transport and barrier function during embryonic development. J. Biomed. Biotechnol., 2010: 940-941.
CrossRef  |  

Guo, P., 1993. Assembly pathway of avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus. Am. J. Vet. Res., 54: 2031-2039.

Hartley, J.L. and H. Bowen, 1975. Anatomy of herpes simplex virus DNA: strain differences and heterogeneity in the locations of restriction endonuclease cleavage sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 72: 1768-1772.
PubMed  |  

Hartley, J.L. and H. Bowen, 1996. PEG precipitation for selective removal of small DNA fragments. Focus, 18: 27-27.

Hirt, B., 1967. Selective extraction of polyoma DNA from infected mouse cell cultures. J. Mol. Biol., 26: 365-369.
PubMed  |  

Honda, T., 1994. The role of cell-mediated immunity in chickens inoculated with the cell-associated vaccine of attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 56: 1051-1055.
PubMed  |  

Honda, T., A. Taneno, E. Sakai, S. Yamada and E. Takahashi, 1994. Immune response and In vivo distribution of the virus in chickens inoculated with the cell-associated vaccine of attenuated Infectious Laryngo-Tracheitis (ILT) virus. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 56: 691-695.
PubMed  |  

Huang, E.S., S.T. Chen and J.S. Pagano, 1973. Human cytomegalovirus. I. Purification and characterization of viral DNA. J. Virol., 12: 1473-1481.
Direct Link  |  

Hughes, C.S., R.A. Williams, R.M. Gaskell, F.T. Jordan, J.M. Bradbury, M. Bennett and R.C. Jones et al., 1991. Latency and reactivation of infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine virus. Arch. Virol., 121: 213-218.
PubMed  |  

Humphreys, G.O., G.A. Willshaw and E.S. Anderson, 1975. A simple method for the preparation of large quantities of pure plasmid DNA. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 383: 457-463.
CrossRef  |  

Ihara, S., L. Feldman, S. Watanabe and T. Ben-Porat, 1983. Characterization of the immediate-early functions of pseudorabies virus. Virol., 131: 437-454.
PubMed  |  

Just, L., 1983. Rapid high-yield purification of plasmids by alkaline extraction, PEG precipitation and agarose gel chromatography. BioTechniques, 1: 136-140.

Leeson, T.S. and C.R. Leeson, 1963. The chorioallantois of the chick light and electron microscopic observations at various times of incubation. J. Anatomy, 97: 585-595.
Direct Link  |  

Lis, J.T., 1980. Fractionation of DNA fragments by polyethylene glycol induced precipitation. Methods Enzymol., 65: 347-353.
PubMed  |  

Muggeridge, M.I. and N.W. Fraser, 1986. Chromosomal organization of the herpes simplex virus genome during acute infection of the mouse central nervous system. J. Virol., 59: 764-767.
Direct Link  |  

Paithankar, K.R. and K.S. Prasad, 1991. Precipitation of DNA by polyethylene glycol and ethanol. Nucleic Acids Res., 19: 1346-1346.
Direct Link  |  

Pater, M.M., R.W. Hyman and F. Rapp, 1976. Isolation of herpes simplex virus DNA from the hirt supernatant. Virol., 75: 481-483.
PubMed  |  

Pignatti, P.F., E. Cassai, G. Meneguzzi, N. Chenciner and G. Milanesi, 1979. Herpes simplex virus DNA isolation from infected cells with a novel procedure. Virol., 93: 260-264.
CrossRef  |  

Plummer, G., C.R. Goodheart, D. Henson and C.P. Bowling, 1969. A comparative study of the DNA density and behavior in tissue cultures of fourteen different herpesviruses. Virology, 39: 134-137.
PubMed  |  

Prideaux, C.T., 1992. Infectious laryngotracheitis virus growth, DNA replication, and protein synthesis. Arch. Virol., 123: 181-192.
Direct Link  |  

Rosenthal, L.J., D.B. Crutchfield, P.J. Panitz and D.J. Clanton, 1983. Isolation of human cytomegalovirus DNA from infected cells. Intervirology, 19: 113-120.
PubMed  |  

Sambrook, J., E.F. Fritscgh and T. Meniates, 1989. Molecular Cloning: A laboratory Manual. 2nd Edn., Vol. 1, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, USA., ISBN-13: 9780879693091.

Schmitz, A. and D. Riesner, 2006. Purification of nucleic acids by selective precipitation with polyethylene glycol 6000. Anal. Biochem., 354: 311-313.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Sinzger, C., J. Knapp, K. Schmidt, M. Kahl and G. Jahn, 1999. A simple and rapid method for preparation of viral DNA from cell associated cytomegalovirus. J. Virol. Methods, 81: 115-122.
PubMed  |  

Spiker, S., M.G. Murray and W.F. Thompson, 1983. DNase I sensitivity of transcriptionally active genes in intact nuclei and isolated chromatin of plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 80: 815-819.
Direct Link  |  

Su, Y.H., 2002. Stability and circularization of herpes simplex virus type 1 genomes in quiescently infected PC12 cultures. J. Gen. Virol., 83: 2943-2950.
Direct Link  |  

Taneno, A., T. Honda, E. Sakai, T. Kawai, Y. Tokuyama and M. Eto, 1991. Safety and efficacy of the cell-associated vaccine prepared by an attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 53: 671-676.
PubMed  |  

Taneno, A., T. Honda, E. Sakai, T. Kawai, Y. Tokuyama, T. Hanaki and M. Eto, 1990. Immunological properties of the cell-associated live infectious laryngotracheitis virus. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi, 52: 827-829.
PubMed  |  

Volkening, J.D. and S.J. Spatz, 2009. Purification of DNA from the cell-associated herpesvirus Marek's disease virus for 454 pyrosequencing using micrococcal nuclease digestion and polyethylene glycol precipitation. J. Virol. Methods, 157: 55-61.

Walboomers, J.M. and J.T. Schegget, 1976. A new method for the isolation of herpes simplex virus type 2 DNA. Virol., 74: 256-258.

Wechsler, S.L., D.M. Lambert, M.S. Galinski, B.E. Heineke and A.L. Lambert et al., 1985. A simple method for increased recovery of purified paramyxovirus virions. J. Virol. Methods, 12: 179-182.
PubMed  |  

Wilson, K. and J. Walker, 2006. Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry [M]. China Medical Science and Technology Press, Beijing, China.