References

Adene, D.F., 2004. Poultry Health and Production Principles and Practice. Stirling-Horden Publishers, Nigeria, pp: 25-50.

Ambali, A.G. and U.I. Ibrahim, 1996. Studies on ectoparasites of grey breasted helmet guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata pallas) kept on free range in semi-arid zone of Nigeria. West Afr. J. Biol. Sci., 4: 152-158.

Apata, D.F., 2009. Antibiotic resistance in poultry. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 8: 404-408.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Bett, B., N. Machila, P.B. Gathura, J.J. McDermott and M.C. Eisler, 2004. Characterisation of shops selling veterinary medicines in a tsetse-infested area of Kenya. Prev. Vet. Med., 63: 29-38.
CrossRef  |  

Chauvin, C., P.A. Beloeil, J.P. Orand, P. Sanders and F. Madec, 2002. A survey of group-level antibiotic prescriptions in pig production in France. Prev. Vet. Med., 55: 109-120.
CrossRef  |  

Cohen, M., 1998. Antibiotic Use. In: Antimicrobial Resistance: Issues and Options, Harrison, P.F. and J. Lederberg (Eds.). Division of Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA., pp: 38-49.

Ibrahim, U.I., A.W. Mbaya, Y.A. Geidam and A.M. Geidam, 2006. Endoparasites and associated worm burden of captive and free-living ostritches (Struthio camelus) in the semi-arid region of North Eastern Nigeria. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 5: 1128-1132.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kolar, M., R. Pantucek, J. Bardon, I. Vagnerova, H. Typovska, J. Doskar and I. Valka, 2002. Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains isolated in poultry. Vet. Med. Czech, 47: 52-59.
Direct Link  |  

Larson, E., S.X. Lin and C. Gomez-Duarte, 2003. Antibiotic use in Hispanic households, New York city. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 9: 1096-1102.
CrossRef  |  

Mellon, M., C. Benbrook and K.L. Benbrook, 2001. Hogging It: Estimates of Antimicrobial Abuse in Livestock. Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA., Pages: 109.

Mitema, E.S., G.M. Kikuvi, H.C. Wegener and K. Stohr, 2001. An assessment of antimicrobial consumption in food producing animals in Kenya. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 24: 385-390.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Mitsi, G., E. Jelastopulu, H. Basiaris, A. Skoutelis and C. Gogos, 2005. Patterns of antibiotic use among adults and parents in the community: A questionnaire based survey in a Greek urban population. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 25: 439-443.
CrossRef  |  

Morley, P.M., M.D. Apley, T.E. Besser, D.P. Burney and P.J. Fedorka-Cray et al., 2005. Antimicrobial drug use in veterinary medicine. J. Vet. Internal Med., 19: 617-629.
CrossRef  |  

Morris, A.K. and R.G. Masterton, 2002. Antibiotic resistance surveillance: Action for international studies. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 49: 7-10.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Reeves, D., 2007. The 2005 Garrod lecture: The changing access of patients to antibiotics-for better or worse?. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 59: 333-341.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Sawant, A.A., L.M. Sordillo and B.M. Jayarao, 2005. A survey on antibiotic usage in dairy herds in pennsylvania. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 2991-2999.
Direct Link  |  

Smith, D.L., A.D. Harris, J.A. Johnson, E.K. Silbergeld and J.G. Morris Jr., 2002. Animal antibiotic use has an early but important impact on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in human commensal bacteria. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA., 99: 6434-6439.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

WHO, 2001. Monitoring antimicrobial usage in food animals for the protection of human health: Report of WHO consultation, Oslow, Norway, 10-13 September 2001. Report No. WHO/CDS/CSR/EPH/2002.11, pp: 1-26.