References

Abdel-Samee, A.M., 1987. The role of cortisol in improving productivity of heat-stressed farm animals with different techniques. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Al-Haidary, A., 2006. Seasonal variation in thermoregulatory and some physiological responses of Arabian camel (Camelus dromedaries). J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci., 5: 30-41.

Al-Haidary, A.A., 2000. Effect of heat stress on some thermoregulatory responses of cattle, sheep and goat. Zagazig Vet. J., 28: 101-110.
Direct Link  |  

Al-Haidary, A.A., 2001. Telemetric monitoring of core body temperature of Arabian camel under Saudi Arabia condition. Res. Bull. Agric. Res. Central King Saud Univ., 108: 5-18.

Al-Haidary, A.A., 2004. Physiological responses of naimey sheep to heat stress challenge under semi-arid environments. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 6: 307-309.
Direct Link  |  

Aschoff, J., 1982. The Circadian Rhythm of Body Temperature as a Function of Body Size. In: A Comparison for Animal Physiology, Taylor, R., K. Johanson and L. Bolis (Eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK., pp: 173-189.

Bekele, T., M. Zeleke and R.M.T. Baars, 2002. Milk production performance of the one humped camel (Camelus dromedaries) under pastoral management in semi-arid eastern Ethiopia. Livestock Prod. Sci., 76: 37-44.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

El-Nouty, F.D., A.A. Al-Haidary and M.S. Salah, 1990. Seasonal variations in hematological valoes of high-and average-yielding holstein cattle in semi-arid environment. J. King Saud Univ. Agric. Sci., 2: 173-182.
Direct Link  |  

Eltawill, E.A. and R. Narendran, 1990. Ewe productivity in four breeds of sheep in Saudi Arabia. World Rev. Anim. Prod., 25: 93-96.

FRD, 1992. Saudi Arabia: A country study. Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Washington, DC. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/satoc.html.

Habeeb, A.A.M., 1987. The role of insulin in improving productivity of heat stressed farm animals with different techniques. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Habeeb, A.A.M., I.F.M. Marai and T.H. Kamal, 1992. Heat Stress. In: Farm Animals and the Environment, Philips, C. and D. Piggens (Eds.). CAB. International, Wallingford, UK., ISBN: 9780851987880, pp: 27-47.

Kamal, T.H., H.D. Johnson and R.C. Ragsdale, 1962. Metabolic re-actions during thermal stress (35 to 95°F) in dairy animals acclimated at 50 and 80°F. Missouri Agric. Exp. Sta. Res. Bull., 785: 1-114.

Lowe, T.E., C.J. Cook, J.R. Ingram and P.J. Harris, 2001. Impact of climate on thermal rhythm in pastoral sheep. Physiol. Behav., 74: 659-664.

Marai, I.F.M. and A.A.M. Habeeb, 1998. Adaptability of Bos taurus cattle under hot climate conditions. Ann. Arid Zone, 37: 253-281.

Marai, I.F.M. and A.A.M. Haeeb, 2010. Buffalo's biological functions as affected by heat stress: A review. Livest. Sci., 127: 89-109.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Marai, I.F.M., A.A. El-Darawany, A. Fadiel and M.A.M. Abdel-Hafez, 2007. Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep-A review. Small Rumin. Res., 7: 1-12.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Marai, I.F.M., A.A.M. Habeeb and A.E. Gad, 2008. Performance of New Zealand white and californian male weaned rabbits in the subtropical environment of Egypt. Anim. Sci. J., 79: 472-480.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Marai, I.F.M., M.S. Ayyat and U.M. Abd El-Monem, 2001. Growth performance and reproductive traits at first parity of New Zealand white female rabbits as affected by heat stress and its alleviation under Egyptian conditions. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 33: 451-462.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Nazifi, S., H.R. Gheisari and H. Poorabbas, 1999. The influences of thermal stress on serum biochemical parameters of dromedary camels and their correlation with thyroid activity. Comp. Haematol. Int., 9: 49-53.

Nessim, M.G., 2004. Heat-induced biological changes as heat tolerance indices related to growth performance in buffaloes. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Olson, T.A., M. Avila-Chytil, C.C. Jr. Chase, P.J. Hansen and S.W. Coleman, 2002. Impact of hair coat differences on rectal temperature, skin temperature and respiration rate of Holstein X Senepol crosses in Florida. Proceedings of the Senepol Symposium, St. Croix, USVI, November 8-10, 2002, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States, pp: 1-10.

SAS Institute, 2000. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. 8th Edn., SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.

Schroter, R.C., D. Robertshaw, M.A. Baker, V.H. Shoemaker, R. Holmes and K. Schmidt-Nielsen, 1987. Respiration in heat stressed camels. Respir. Physiol., 70: 97-112.
CrossRef  |  

Shaffer, L., J.D. Roussel and K.L. Koonce, 1981. Effects of age, temperature-season and breed on blood characteristics of dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 64: 62-70.
CrossRef  |  

Shebaita, M.K. and T.H. Kamal, 1973. In vivo body composition in ruminants. I. Blood volume in Friesian and water buffaloes. Alexandria J. Agric. Res., 1: 329-350.