Authors : Muhammad Rizal Razman , Abdul Samad Hadi , Jamaluddin Md Jahi , Abdul Hadi Harman Shah , Sham Sani and Ghazali Yusoff
Abstract: Montreal Protocol is one of the successful Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). The protocol managed to seek international environmental cooperation among almost all of states in the world. All of these states have already agreed to ratify the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol has been enacted for the protection of the ozone layer by taking precautionary measures to control world emissions of substances that deplete the ozone layer. Some of the international environmental governance scholars suggested that international forum might influence in the negotiation of creating MEAs by promoting international financial mechanism. Moreover the existence of the international forum would lead to international co-operations in order to achieve sustainable development. This would influence in the negotiations of creating MEAs, which include Montreal Protocol. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to explain the influence of international forum by promoting international financial mechanism in the international environmental governance with regards of the Montreal Protocol�s early negotiations and the relations of the interstates participation response. This study adopted the qualitative approach which is based on the meetings� proceeding reports of the Montreal Protocol. This study has also identified that the international forum of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) had played an essential role as a strongly environmental forum by promoting international financial mechanism in order to influence the Montreal Protocol�s early negotiations and the responds of the interstates participations. Finally, the preliminary findings indicate that UNEP as a international forum which promoting the international financial mechanism in the negotiations of the Montreal Protocol was important in terms of to lead for further development and expansion of rules on financial assistance and technology transfer in order to seek international environmental cooperation for achieving environmental protection goals.
Muhammad Rizal Razman , Abdul Samad Hadi , Jamaluddin Md Jahi , Abdul Hadi Harman Shah , Sham Sani and Ghazali Yusoff , 2008. A Study on International Forum of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in Promoting the International Financial Mechanisms During Negotiations of the Montreal Protocol. International Business Management, 2: 211-217.