Abstract: Human beings want enjoying highest attainable standard of basic health without discrimination of race, religion and political belief, economic or social condition. The benefits of medical, psychological and related knowledge have to be extended all people to the fullest attainment of health. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Three factors affect human life greatly by: deficiency of food, health problems and environmental issues. Beside a clean and safe environment, food and health are basic human requirements. Humans want safe-food at reasonable price. Numerous human related health issues across the world cause huge number of deaths. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review techniques and benefits of recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant DNA technology is an important development in science that has made the human life much easier. Two major categories of enzymes are important tools in the isolation of DNA and the preparation of recombinant DNA technique are restriction endonucleases and DNA ligases. Recombinant DNA techniques has seven steps (isolation of gene, preparation of target DNA insertion of DNA into vector insertion of plasmid back into cell, plasmid multiplication, target cell production and cells produced proteins). Cloning vectors such as YACS, bacteriophage, BACS, cosmids and plasmids are used for cloning of DNA. Recombinant DNA technology has numerous applications in agriculture, health and diseases and environmental applications. It is expected from, agricultural, medical and environmental sectors to work on this field, train professionals and introduce its uses to the society.