Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between participative management and organizational productivity among elementary school principals. The method of this study was descriptive followed a correlational design. The statistical population included all male and female elementary school principals working in District 1 of Zahedan in the school year 2015-2016. The sample included 92 individuals selected using stratified random sampling method. The data collection tools were two questionnaires including a researcher-made questionnaire (Participative management questionnaire using a likert-type rating scale with a reliability of 93%) and a standardized scale (the productivity of human resources scale-Nasiripour) using a Likert-type scale with a reliability of 98%). The obtained data was analyzed in both descriptive (tables of mean and standard deviation) and inferential (the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis) levels through applying SPSS. The results of this study indicated that productivity of human resources was significantly and directly correlated with subscales of participation (participation of students, parents, teachers and authorities). Moreover, the results of regression analysis conducted to examine the contribution of scores on subscales of participation in management affairs to determine the changes related to productivity revealed that among subscales of participation in management affairs, students’ participation, teachers’ participation and authorities’ participation entered into the equation and explained 1.6% of the overall variance in the scores on productivity; however, parents’ participation in management affairs was not able to explain productivity.