Authors : A.K. Omarova, A.K. Turgambayeva, A. Mussina, Z.B. Akhmetova and M.O. Ryspekova
Abstract: The transplantology is of great importance for patients for whom organ transplantation is necessary and it is represented serious values for public health care. Actuality of the organ transplantation consists in ensuring radical treatment of the patients, having diseases with obviously deadly forecast (such as cirrhosis, chronic renal failure, cardiomyopathy, etc.) and it is a real factor of rescue of active members of society and preservation of health of the nation. Research aim was estimating of the aspects of transplantology and the Kazakhstan donor in the period of 2012-2015 and developing of the basic principles of further activity. In study were applied the general scientific methods of knowledge with application of system and comparative approaches, analytical, historical, the generalizing methods, the content analysis of information sources, a method of factorial and statistical, functional analyses, constructive estimates, induction and deduction, other general scientific methods of knowledge of medical processes. Data were obtained from annual reports of the Republican coordination center of transplantology from 2010 to May, 2015; as it was noted during research in the republic, growth of volumes of an organ transplantation (a liver, kidneys, heart), the results of the study were 14 units with lethal outcomes from 64-523 units. The greatest number of operations on transplantation of kidneys which made 433 operations including from died donors 37; the number of operations on a liver were 74, cadaveric transplantations were made 13 units; heart operations for the considered period were made 16 units. Systematization attempt and the analysis of transplantology data in Kazakhstan is made in this research. Proceeding from chronology of development of this sector of medical services, it is possible to reveal the basic principles of formation and further development of transplantology in RK. In spite of annually, it is performed the operations on organ transplantation, on average to 200 operations, it is generally related transplantations they are organs from alive relatives, spouses, etc. From alive donors, it is possible to carry out a select only from such organs as kidneys or part of a liver but it is possible to take the donor heart only from the died person. The number of needing in transplantation constantly grows and deficiency of donor organs grows every year. In research of this study was assessed, the current modern situation of transplantology, a problem and the basic principles of further development of system of transplantology of organs in Kazakhstan are offered.
A.K. Omarova, A.K. Turgambayeva, A. Mussina, Z.B. Akhmetova and M.O. Ryspekova, 2015. Modern Aspects and the Basic Principles of Development of Transplantology System in Kazakhstan. Research Journal of Medical Sciences, 9: 80-86.