Abstract: The purpose of this study is detailed as follows describes the development of democracy and civil society in Indonesia to describe aspects of democracy and civil society to flourish in Indonesia to analyze the background of the rise of Islamic movements in Indonesia with regard to democracy and civil society. Often in the past, Islam was seen as external to Indonesia, especially, Javanese culture. Then, radical and militant Muslims portrayed as a doll made by intelligence agencies of Indonesia while moderate Islam ‘civilian’ labeled as natural for Indonesia. Therefore, until now, most studies of Islam in Indonesia has been focused on this ‘moderate’. Currently, however, radical Islamic movements in Indonesia also sharply observed. Some of these movements use violence; some do not. This study did not talk about the dichotomy of radical movements or moderate public above but connects the concept of civil society, focusing on two Islamic movement Hizb ut-Tahrir (HT) and the Justice and Welfare Party (PKS). This study reveals the thoughts and the basis used by both the students were active in the movement as well as the thoughts of the administrators ofJustice and Welfare Party (PKS).