Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
Year:
2012
Volume:
11
Issue:
13
Page No.
2327 - 2332
References
Bebear, C.M., A. Charron, J.M. Bove, C. Bebear and J. Renaudin, 1998. Cloning and nucleotide sequences of the topoisomerase IV
parC and
parE genes of
Mycoplasma hominis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42: 2024-2031.
Direct Link | Bebear, C.M., H. Renaudin, A. Charron, J.M. Bove, C. Bebear and J. Renaudin, 1998. Alterations in topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase in quinolone-resistant mutants of
Mycoplasma hominis obtained
In vitro. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42: 2304-2311.
Direct Link | Bebear, C.M., J. Renaudin, A. Charron, H. Renaudin, B. de Barbeyrac, T. Schaeverbeke and C. Bebear, 1999. Mutations in the
gyrA,
parC and
parE genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of
Mycoplasma hominis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 43: 954-956.
PubMed | Gautier-Bouchardon, A.V., A.K. Reinhardt, M. Kobisch and I. Kempf, 2002.
In vitro development of resistance to enrofloxacin, erythromycin, tylosin, tiamulin and oxytetracycline in
Mycoplasma gallisepticum,
Mycoplasma iowae and
Mycoplasma synoviae. Vet. Microbiol., 88: 47-58.
CrossRef | Gellert, M., K. Mizuuchi, M.H. O'Dea and H.A. Nash, 1976. DNA gyrase: An enzyme that introduces superhelical turns into DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 73: 3872-3876.
Direct Link | Gerchman, I., I. Lysnyansky, S. Perk and S. Levisohn, 2008.
In vitro susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones in current and archived
Mycoplasma gallisepticum and
Mycoplasma synoviae isolates from meat-type turkeys. Vet. Microbiol., 131: 266-276.
PubMed | Hannan, P.C., 2000. Guidelines and recommendations for antimicrobial Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing against veterinary mycoplasma species. International research programme on comparative mycoplasmology. Vet. Res., 31: 373-395.
PubMed | Direct Link | Hannan, P.C., G.D. Windsor, A. de Jong, N. Schmeer and M. Stegemann, 1997. Comparative susceptibilities of various animal-pathogenic mycoplasmas to fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41: 2037-2040.
PubMed | Direct Link | Hernandez, A., M.B. Sanchez and J.L. Martinez, 2011. Quinolone resistance: Much more than predicted. Front Microbiol. Vol. 2. 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00022
Jacoby, G.A., 2005. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2: S120-S126.
CrossRef | PubMed | Jiang, H.X., J.R. Chen, H.L. Yan, X.N. Li, Z.L. Chen and Z.L. Zeng, 2009. Molecular Variability of DR-1 and DR-2 within the
PVPA gene in
Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolates. Avian Dis., 53: 124-128.
CrossRef | Kenny, G.E., P.A.Young, F.D. Cartwright, K.E. Sjostrom and W.M. Huang, 1999. Sparfloxacin selects gyrase mutations in first-step
Mycoplasma hominis mutants, whereas ofloxacin selects topoisomerase IV mutations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 43: 2493-2496.
Direct Link | Khodursky, A.B., E.L. Zechiedrich and N.R. Cozzarelli, 1995. Topoisoerase IV is a target of quinolones in
Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 92: 11801-11805.
PubMed | Kim, J.H., E.H. Cho, K.S. Kim, H.Y. Kim and Y.M. Kim, 1998. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the DNA gyrase
gyrA gene from
Serratia marcescens and characterization of mutations in
gyrA of quinolone-resistant clinical isolates. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42: 190-193.
Direct Link | Ley, D., 2003.
Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection. In: Diseases of Poultry, Saif, Y.M., H.J. Barnes, A.M. Fadly, J.R. Glisson, L.R. McDougald and D.E. Swayne (Eds.), Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA USA., pp: 122-143.
Lysnyansky, I., I. Gerchman, S. Perk and S. Levisohn, 2008. Molecular characterization and typing of enrofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of
Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Avain Dis., 52: 685-689.
PubMed | Raherison, S., P. Gonzalez, H. Renaudin, A. Charron, C. Bebear and C.M. Bebear, 2002. Evidence of active efflux in resistance to ciprofloxacin and to ethidium bromide by
Mycoplasma hominis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 46: 672-679.
CrossRef | Razin, S., 1992. Peculiar properties of mycoplasmas: The smallest self-replicating prokaryotes. FEMS Microbiol Lett., 15: 423-431.
PubMed | Razin, S., M. Banai, H. Gamliel, A. Polliack, W. Bredt and I. Kahane, 1980. Scanning electron microscopy of mycoplasmas adhering to erythrocytes. Infect Immun., 30: 538-546.
PubMed | Direct Link | Reinhardt, A.K., C.M. Bebear, M. Kobisch, I. Kempf and A.V. Gautier-Bouchardon, 2002. Characterization of mutations in DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV involved in quinolone resistance of
Mycoplasma gallisepticum mutants obtained
In vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 46: 590-593.
CrossRef | Reinhardt, A.K., I. Kempf, M. Kobisch and A.V. Gautier-Bouchardon, 2002. Fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycoplasma gallisepticum: DNA gyrase as primary target of enrofloxacin and impact of mutations in topoisomerases on resistance level. J. Antimicrob Chemother, 50: 589-592.
CrossRef | Riviere, J.E. and M.G. Papich, 2009. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. In: Fluoroquinolone Antimicrobial Drugs, Papich M.G. and J.E. Riviere (Eds). Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA USA., pp: 983-1011.
Strahilevitz, J., G.A. Jacoby, D.C. Hooper and A. Robicsek, 2009. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance: A multifaceted threat. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 22: 664-689.
CrossRef | Direct Link | Truong, Q.C., J.C. Nguyen Van, D. Shlaes, L. Gutmann and N.J. Moreau, 1997. A novel, double mutation in DNA gyrase A of
Escherichia coli conferring resistance to quinolone antibiotics. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41: 85-90.
Direct Link | Wang, C., M. Ewing and S.Y. Aarabi, 2001.
In vitro susceptibility of avian mycoplasmas to enrofloxacin, sarafloxacin, tylosin and oxytetracycline. Avian Dis., 45: 456-460.
PubMed | Zanella, A., P. Martino, A. Pratell and M. Stonfer, 1998. Development of antibiotic resistance in
Mycoplasma gallisepticum In vitro. Avian Pathol., 27: 591-596.
CrossRef | Direct Link |