References

Adachi, K., N. Katsura, Y. Nomura, A. Arikawa and M. Hidaka et al., 1996. Serum vitamin A and vitamin E in Japanese black fattening cattle in Miyazaki prefecture as determined by automatic column-switching high performance liquid chromatography. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 58: 461-464.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Eaton, H.D., J.E. Rousseau, R.C. Hall, H.I. Frier and J.J. Lucas, 1972. Reevaluation of the minimum vitamin A requirement of Holstein Male calves based upon elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure 1. J. Dairy Sci., 55: 232-237.
Direct Link  |  

Eicher, S.D., J.L. Morrill, F. Blecha, C.G. Chitko-McKown and N.V. Anderson et al., 1994. Leukocyte functions of young dairy calves fed milk replacers supplemented with vitamins A and E1. J. Dairy Sci., 77: 1399-1407.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Franklin, S.T., C.E. Sorenson and D.C. Hammell, 1998. Influence of vitamin a supplementation in milk on growth, health, concentrations of vitamins in plasma and immune parameters of calves1, 2. J. Dairy Sci., 81: 2623-2632.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Galyean, M.L., S.A. Gunter and K.J. Malcolm-Callis, 1995. Effects of arrival medication with tilmicosin phosphate on health and performance of newly received beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci., 73: 1219-1226.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Gotoh, T., E. Albrecht, F. Teuscher, K. Kawabata, K. Sakashita, H. Iwamoto and J. Wegner, 2009. Differences in muscle and fat accretion in Japanese black and European cattle. Meat Sci., 82: 300-308.
CrossRef  |  

Greenberg, L.G., F. Bristol, B.D. Murphy and B. Laarveld, 1986. Beta-carotene does not influence fertility in beef heifers. Theriogenology, 26: 491-508.
Direct Link  |  

Herdt, T.H. and H.D. Stowe, 1991. Fat-soluble vitamin nutrition for dairy cattle. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Practice, 7: 391-415.
PubMed  |  

Hoppe, P.P., B.P. Chew, A. Safer, I. Stegemann and H.K. Biesalski, 1996. Dietary beat-carotene elevates plasma steady-state and tissue concentrations of beat-carotene and enhances vitamin A balance in preruminant calves. J. Nutr., 126: 202-208.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Iwanska, S., C. Lewicki, A. Falkowska and D. Strusinska, 1986. On the importance of β carotene supplementation for calves. Arch. Anim. Nutr., 36: 71-78.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Michal, J.J., L.R. Heirman, T.S. Wong, B.P. Chew and M. Frigg et al., 1994. Modulatory effects of dietary β-carotene on blood and mammary Leukocyte function in periparturient dairy cows1. J. Dairy Sci., 77: 1408-1421.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Ragbetli, C., I. Yoruk, M. Cay and P. Tanritanir, 2009. The effect of tulathromycin treatment on antioxidant vitamins in montofon calves with pneumonia. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 8: 2345-2349.
Direct Link  |  

Yildiz, H., E. Kaygusuzoglu and O. Kizil, 2005. Concentrations of serum vitamins A, E and C and β-carotene during pregnancy in cows. Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy, 49: 199-202.
Direct Link  |