References

Aulrich, K. and K. Barth, 2008. Intramammary infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci and the effect on somatic cell counts in dairy goats. Landbauforschung Volkenrode, 58: 59-64.
Direct Link  |  

Babu, E. and J. Oropello, 2011. Staphylococcus lugdunensis: The coagulase-negative staphylococcus you don’t want to ignore. Expert Rev. Anti-Infective Therapy, 9: 901-907.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Becker, K., C. Heilmann and G. Peters, 2014. Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 27: 870-926.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Bergonier, D., R. de Cremoux, R. Rupp, G. Lagriffoul and X. Berthelot, 2003. Mastitis of dairy small ruminants. Vet. Res., 34: 689-716.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Bexiga, R., M.T. Koskinen, J. Holopainen, C. Carneiro, H. Pereira, K.A. Ellis and C.L. Vilela, 2011. Diagnosis of intramammary infection in samples yielding negative results or minor pathogens in conventional bacterial culturing. J. Dairy Res., 78: 49-55.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Chen, S., Y. Wang, F. Chen, H. Yang, M. Gan and S.J. Zheng, 2007. A highly pathogenic strain of Staphylococcus sciuri caused fatal exudative epidermitis in piglets. PLoS ONE, Vol. 2, No. 1 10.1371/journal.pone.0000147

Chesneau, O., S. Aubert, A. Morvan, J.L. Guesdon and N. El Solh, 1992. Usefulness of the ID32 staph system and a method based on rRNA gene restriction site polymorphism analysis for species and subspecies identification of staphylococcal clinical isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol., 30: 2346-2352.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Deinhofer, M. and A. Pernthaner, 1995. Staphylococcus spp as mastitis-related pathogens in goat milk. Vet. Microbiol., 43: 161-166.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Devriese, L.A., H. Laevens, F. Haesebrouck and J. Hommez, 1994. A simple identification scheme for coagulase negative staphylococci from bovine mastitis. Res. Vet. Sci., 57: 240-244.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Dogruer, G., M. Saribay, O. Aslantas, E. Kirecci, Y. Ergun, A. Ulku and C. Demir, 2016. The prevalance, etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of the microorganisms in subclinical mastitis in goats. Ataturk Univ. Vet. Bil. Der., 11: 20-24.

Dore, S., M. Liciardi, S. Amatiste, S. Bergagna and G. Bolzoni et al., 2016. Survey on small ruminant bacterial mastitis in Italy, 2013-2014. Small Ruminant Res., 141: 91-93.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Duralıoglu, A., A. Bastan, S. Salar, M. Cengiz and M. Akan, 2014. The effects of pre-milking and post-milking teat disinfection in goats on udder health and milk quality. Ankara Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 61: 107-110.

El-Jakee, J.K., N.E. Aref, A. Gomaa, M.D. El-Hariri, H.M. Galal, S.A. Omar and A. Samir, 2013. Emerging of coagulase negative staphylococci as a cause of mastitis in dairy animals: An environmental hazard. Int. J. Vet. Sci. Med., 1: 74-78.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

El-Sayed, A., W. Awad, N.E. Abdou and H.C. Vazquez, 2017. Molecular biological tools applied for identification of mastitis causing pathogens. Int. J. Vet. Sci. Med., 5: 89-97.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Foster, T., 1996. Staphylococcus. In: Medical Microbiology, Baron, S. (Ed.). University of Texas Medical Branch, Texas, USA., pp: 187-197.

Gelasakis, A.I., A.S. Angelidis, R. Giannakou, G. Filioussis, M.S. Kalamaki and G. Arsenos, 2016. Bacterial subclinical mastitis and its effect on milk yield in low-input dairy goat herds. J. Dairy Sci., 99: 3698-3708.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Gheldre, Y.D., N. Maes, F.L. Presti, J. Etienne and M. Struelens, 2001. Rapid Identification of clinically relevant Legionella spp. by analysis of transfer DNA intergenic spacer length polymorphism. J. Clin. Microbiol., 39: 162-169.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Iorio, N.L.P., R.B.R. Ferreira, R.P. Schuenck, K.L. Malvar and A.P. Brilhante et al., 2007. Simplified and reliable scheme for species-level identification of Staphylococcus clinical isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol., 45: 2564-2569.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Jarlov, J.O., 1999. Phenotypic characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci: Typing and antibiotic susceptibility. APMIS. Suppl., 91: 1-42.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Kautz, F.M., S.C. Nickerson and L.O. Ely, 2014. Use of a staphylococcal vaccine to reduce prevalence of mastitis and lower somatic cell counts in a registered Saanen dairy goat herd. Res. Vet. Sci., 97: 18-19.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Koop, G., A.D. Visscher, C.A. Collar, D.A.C. Bacon and E.A. Maga et al., 2012. Identification of coagulase-negative staphylococcus species from goat milk with the API Staph identification test and with transfer RNA-intergenic spacer PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 7200-7205.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Koop, G., S. De Vliegher, A. De Visscher, K. Supre, F. Haesebrouck, M. Nielen and T. van Werven, 2012. Differences between coagulase-negative staphylococcus species in persistence and in effect on somatic cell count and milk yield in dairy goats. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 5075-5084.
CrossRef  |  

Kunz, F., S. Corti, N. Giezendanner, R. Stephan, M. Wittenbrink and C. Zweifel, 2011. Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from mastitis milk samples from sheep and goats. Schweizer Arch. Tierheilkunde, 153: 63-69.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Landin, H., M.J. Mork, M. Larsson and K.P. Waller, 2015. Vaccination against Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in two Swedish dairy herds. Acta Vet. Scand., Vol. 57, 10.1186/s13028-015-0171-6

Layer, F., B. Ghebremedhin, K.A. Moder, W. Konig and B. Konig, 2006. Comparative study using various methods for identification of Staphylococcus species in clinical specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol., 44: 2824-2830.
CrossRef  |  

Maes, N., Y.D. Gheldre, R.D. Ryck, M. Vaneechoutte, H. Meugnier, J. Etienne and M.J. Struelens, 1997. Rapid and accurate identification of Staphylococcus species by tRNA intergenic spacer length polymorphism analysis. J. Clin. Microbiol., 35: 2477-2481.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Maisi, P. and I. Riipinen, 1991. Pathogenicity of different species of staphylococci in caprine udder. Br. Vet. J., 147: 126-132.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Moroni, P., G. Pisoni, M. Antonini, G. Ruffo, S. Carli, G. Varisco and P. Boettcher, 2005. Subclinical mastitis and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus caprae and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from two Italian goat herds. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 1694-1704.
PubMed  |  

Mugabe, W., S.J. Nsoso, G.S. Mpapho, J.M. Kamau and W. Mahabile et al., 2017. Occurrence of caprine mastitis and its etiological agents and associated selected risk in mid lactating goats in the Oodi extension area of Kgatleng district, Botswana. Acad. Web J. Agric. Res., 2: 14-20.

Nichol, D., J. Rutter, C. Bryant, A.M. Hujer and S. Lek et al., 2019. Antibiotic collateral sensitivity is contingent on the repeatability of evolution. Nat. Commun., Vol. 10, 10.1038/s41467-018-08098-6

Nobrega, D.B., J.D. Buck and H.W. Barkema, 2018. Antimicrobial resistance in non-aureus staphylococci isolated from milk is associated with systemic but not intramammary administration of antimicrobials in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 101: 7425-7436.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Orden, J.A., J. Goyache, J. Hernandez, A. Domenech, G. Suarez and E. Gomez-Lucia, 1992. Production of staphylococcal enterotoxins and TSST 1 by coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated from ruminant mastitis. J. Vet. Med., 39: 144-148.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

Plummer, P. and C. Plummer, 2012. Diseases of the Mammary Gland. In: Sheep and Goat Medicine, Pugh, D.G. and A.N. Baird (Eds.). Elsevier Inc., Amsterdam, Netherlands, ISBN: 9781437723540, pp: 442-465.

Poutrel, B., 1984. Staphylococcus sciuri subsp lentus associated with goat mastitis. Am. J. Vet. Res., 45: 2084-2085.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Rashid, M., M.I. Saleem, F. Deeba, M.S. Khan, S.A. Mahfooz, A.A. Butt and M.W. Abbas, 2017. Effect of season on occurrence of caprine mastitis in beetal in faisalabad premises. Matrix Sci. Med., 1: 19-21.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Reinoso, E.B., A. El-Sayed, C. Lammler, C. Bogni and M. Zschock, 2008. Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from humans, bovine subclinical mastitis and food samples in Argentina. Microbiol. Res., 163: 314-322.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Rheinbaben, K.E.V. and R.M. Hadlok, 1981. Rapid distinction between micrococci and staphylococci with furazolidone agars. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 47: 41-51.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Sampimon, O.C., R.N. Zadoks, S. De Vliegher, K. Supre and F. Haesebrouck et al., 2009. Performance of API Staph ID 32 and Staph-Zym for identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk samples. Vet. Microbiol., 136: 300-305.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Schukken, Y.H., V. Bronzo, C. Locatelli, C. Pollera and N. Rota et al., 2014. Efficacy of vaccination on Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci intramammary infection dynamics in 2 dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci., 97: 5250-5264.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Shrestha, L.B., N.R. Bhattarai and B. Khanal, 2017. Antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation among coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital of Eastern Nepal. Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Contr., Vol. 6, 10.1186/s13756-017-0251-7

Spuria, L., E. Biasibetti, D. Bisanzio, I. Biasato and D.D. Meneghi et al., 2017. Microbial agents in macroscopically healthy mammary gland tissues of small ruminants. Peer J., Vol. 5, 10.7717/peerj.3994

Tomita, G., B. Min, S. Hart and M. Paape, 2003. Effect of Staphylococcal intramammary infection on milk composition of goats. Proceedings of the 42nd National Annual Meeting on Mastitis Council, January 26-29, 2003, Ars Publications, Chennai, India, pp: 1-32.

Virdis, S., C. Scarano, F. Cossu, V. Spanu, C. Spanu and E.P.L. de Santis, 2010. Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from goats with subclinical mastitis. Vet. Med. Int., 10.4061/2010/517060

Widerstrom, M., 2010. Molecular epidemiology of coagulase-negative staphylococci in hospitals and in the community. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.