References

AOAC, 1990. The Method of Analysis. 15th Edn., AOAC, Washington, DC., USA.

Agbede, J.O. and A.A. Ibitoye, 2007. Chemical composition of black plum (Vitex doniana): An under-utilized fruit. J. Food. Agric. Environ., 5: 95-96.
Direct Link  |  

Ames, B.N., M.K. Shigenaga and T.M. Hagen, 1993. Oxidants, antioxidants and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 90: 7915-7922.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Aruoma, O.I., 2003. Methodological considerations for characterizing potential antioxidant actions of bioactive components in plant foods. Mutat. Res./Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen., 523-524: 9-20.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Beentje, H.J., 1994. Kenya Trees, Shrubs and Lianas. 1st Edn., National Museums of Kenya, Kenya, pp: 1-722.

Benzie, I.F.F. and J.J. Strain, 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of "antioxidant power": The FRAP assay. Anal. Biochem., 239: 70-76.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Brand-Williams, W., M.E. Cuvelier and C. Berset, 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci. Technol., 28: 25-30.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ellnain-Wojtaszek, M., Z. Kruczynski and J. Kasprzak, 2003. Investigation of the free radical scavenging activity of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves. Fitoterapia, 74: 1-6.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

FAO, 1986. Compositional analysis method in: Manuals of food quality control. Food, 7: 203-232.

Ferreira, I.C.F.R., L. Barros and R.M.V. Abreu, 2009. Antioxidant in wild mushrooms. Curr. Med. Chem., 16: 1543-1560.
PubMed  |  

Fournier, E., 2001. Colorimetric Quantification of Carbohydrates: Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA.

Gulcin, I., 2007. Comparison of in vitro antioxidant and antiradical activities of L-Tyrosine and L-Dopa. Amino Acids, 32: 431-438.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Halliwell, B., 1995. Antioxidant characterization: Methodology and mechanism. Biochem. Pharmcol., 49: 1341-1348.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Halvorsen, B.L., K. Holte, M.C.W. Myhrstad, I. Barikmo and E. Hvattum et al., 2002. A systematic screening of total antioxidants in dietary plants. J. Nutr., 132: 461-471.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Iqbal, A., I.A. Khalil, N. Ateeq and M.S. Khan, 2006. Nutritional quality of important food legumes. Food Chem., 97: 331-335.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ishida, H., H. Suzuno, N. Sugiyama, S. Innami, T. Tadokoro and A. Maekawa, 2000. Nutritive evaluation on chemical components of leaves, stalks and stems of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas Poir). Food Chem., 68: 359-367.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Ismail, H.I., K.W. Chan, A.A. Mariod and M. Ismail, 2010. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo) methanolic extracts. Food Chem., 119: 643-647.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Iwueke, A.V., O.F.C. Nwodo and C.O. Okoli, 2006. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and Analgesic activities of Vitex doniana leaves. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 5: 1929-1935.
Direct Link  |  

Joubert, E., M. Manley and M. Botha, 2008. Evaluation of spectrophotometric methods for screening of green rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and green honeybush (Cyclopia genistoides) extracts for high levels of bio-active compounds. Phytochem. Anal., 19: 169-178.
Direct Link  |  

Kiselova, Y., D. Ivanova, T. Chervenkov, D. Gerova, B. Galunska and T. Yankova, 2006. Correlation between the in vitro antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of aqueous extracts from Bulgarian herbs. Phytother. Res., 20: 961-965.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Kokwaro, J.O., 1993. Medicinal Plants of East Africa. 2nd Edn., Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi, ISBN-13: 9789966441904, Pages: 401.

Kuruuzum, U., K. Stroch, L. Demirezer and A. Zeeck, 2003. Glucosides from Vitex agnus-castus. Phytochemistry, 63: 659-664.
Direct Link  |  

Ladeji, O., F.V. Udoh and Z.S.C. Okoye, 2005. Activity of aqueous extract of bark of Vitex doniana on uterine muscle response to drugs. Phytother. Res., 19: 804-806.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Liu, R.H., 2004. Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: Mechanism of action. J. Nutr., 134: 3479S-3485S.
PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Lizcano, L.J., F.M. Bakkali, B. Ruiz-Larrea and J. Ruiz-Sanz, 2010. Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of aqueous extracts from Colombian plants with medicinal use. Food. Chem., 119: 1566-1570.
CrossRef  |  

Marcocci, L., J.J. Maguire, M.T. Droy-Lefaix and L. Packer, 1994. The nitric oxide-scavenging properties of Ginkgo biloba extract EGB 761. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun., 201: 748-755.
PubMed  |  

Nakaya, H.M.A., V.U. Sathisha and M.S. Dharmesh, 2010. Cytoprotective and antioxidant activity of free, conjugated and insoluble-bound phenolic acids from swallow root (Decalepis hamiltonii). Food Chem., 119: 1307-1312.
CrossRef  |  

Nisha, P., P. Abdul Nazar and P. Jayamurthy, 2009. A comparative study on antioxidant activities of different varieties of Solanum melongena. Food Chem. Toxicol., 47: 2640-2644.
CrossRef  |  

Ono, M., H. Sawamura, Y. Ito, K. Mizuki and T. Nohara, 2000. Diterpenoids from the fruits of Vitex trifolia. Phytochemistry, 55: 873-877.
CrossRef  |  

Pearlsten, T. and M. Steiner, 2008. Premenstrual dysphonic disorder burden of illness and treatment update. J. Psychiatry Neurosci., 33: 291-301.
PubMed  |  

Silva, E.M., J.N.S. Souza, H. Rogez, J.F. Rees and Y. Larondelle, 2007. Antioxidant activities and polyphenolic contents of fifteen selected plant species from the Amazonian region. Food Chem., 101: 1012-1018.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Singleton, V.L., R. Orthofer and R.M. Lamuela-Raventos, 1999. Analysis of Total Phenols and Other Oxidation Substrates and Antioxidants by Means of Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent. In: Methods in Enzymology, Burslem, G.L. (Ed.), Academic Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, ISBN: 9780121822002, pp: 152-178.

Slusarcyk, S., M. Hajnos K. Skalicka-Wozniak and A. Matkowski, 2009. Antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Lycopus lucidus Turcz. Food Chem., 113: 134-138.
CrossRef  |  

Stangeland, T., S.F. Remberg and K.A. Lye, 2009. Total antioxidant activity in 35 Ugandan fruits and vegetables. Food Chem., 113: 85-91.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

Triebold, H.O. and L.W. Aurand, 1982. Food Composition and Analysis. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Alexander St. Princeton, New Jersey.

Zheng, W. and S.Y. Wang, 2001. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in selected herbs. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49: 5165-5170.
CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

Zhishen, J., T. Mengcheng and W. Jianming, 1999. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chem., 64: 555-559.
CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |