Abstract: One of the most controversial issues among sociologists is how to define and measure social capital. In this study, the concept of social capital has been used to study the quantity and quality of social relations. The present study has measured the part of the cognitive social capital relating to values such as trust, participation and cohesion. The method of the study is based on the network analysis and the studied network includes all the local livestock beneficiaries in Yazd Province. Participation of local livestock beneficiaries is of great importance because of their critical role in the sustainable management of dry ecosystems, overcoming the limitations of the local environment, preserving habitations. Quantitative and qualitative information necessary for the study were collected through interviews and questionnaires of network analysis. Then through software of network analysis including UCI net and net draw, the relationships were analyzed using mathematical indices of density, size, link reciprocity and centralization and also the concepts of structural holes and cut points. Results indicate poor networks of trust and participation in between-group relationships of local beneficiaries having island social structure with fragile relationships influenced by multiple structural holes. Evaluation shows that the density index in both network of participation and trust was weak, indicating poor social cohesion and reduced resilience of livestock beneficiaries when facing with environmental stresses. The analysis of the index of link reciprocity indicates poor mutual cooperation and low stability of network of livestock beneficiaries in Yazd Province. Analysis of motioned indices shows that the relations structure of this community suffers from a social disorder. High centralization of central actors in internal links rather than in external links is a factor preventing the formation of intermediate relationships at the macro level of yazdi rancher�s network. Absence of these people with appropriate distribution has reduced creativity, social cohesion and innovation necessary in dealing with environmental problems especially drought.