References

Adams, H.R., 2001. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 8th Edn., Iowa State University, USA., ISBN: 9780813817439, Pages: 1201.

Chang, T. and A.J. Glazko, 1974. Biotransformation and disposition of ketamine. Int. Anesthesiol. Clin., 12: 157-177.
PubMed  |  

Costa-Farre, C., F. Garcia, A. Andaluz, R. Torres and F. de Mora, 2005. Effect of H₁- and H₂-receptor antagonists on the hemodynamic changes induced by the intravenous administration of ketamine in sevoflurane-anesthetized cats. Inflamm Res., 54: 256-260.
PubMed  |  

Daniel, M.G. and C.E. Ramsay, 2000. Sedative and physiologic effects of orally administered alpha₂-adrenoceptor agonists and Ketamine in Cats. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 216: 1929-1932.
PubMed  |  

Darlong, V., D. Shende, M.S. Subramanyam, R. Sunder and A. Naik, 2004. Oral ketamine or midazolam or low dose combination for premedication in children. Anaesth. Intensive Care, 32: 246-249.
PubMed  |  

Freye, E., L.B. Partecke and J.V. Levy, 2005. Increase in delta- and β-wave activity of the EEG during rapid opiate detoxification (ROD)-reversal by administration of the non-specific NMDA-antagonist S+ ketamine-. Neurophysiol. Clin., 35: 25-32.
PubMed  |  

Ghai, B., R.P. Grandhe, A. Kumar and P. Chari, 2005. Comparative evaluation of midazolam and ketamine with midazolam alone as oral premedication. Paediatr Anaesth., 15: 554-559.
PubMed  |  

Hanna, R.M., R.E. Borchard and S.L. Schmidt, 1988. Pharmacokinetic of ketamine HCL and metabolite I in the cat: A comparison of i.v., i.m. and rectal administration. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. Mar., 11: 84-93.
PubMed  |  

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird and A.G. Gilman, 2001. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th Edn., McGraw-Hill, New York, USA., pp: 654-656.

Ilkiw, J.E., C.M. Suter, D. McNeal, T.B. Farver and E.P. Steffey, 1996. The effect of intravenous administration of variable-dose midazolam after fixed-dose ketamine in healthy awake cats. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. Jun., 19: 217-224.
PubMed  |  

Ilkiw, J.E., P.J. Pascoe and L.D. Tripp, 2003. Effect of variable-dose propofol alone and in combination with two fixed doses of ketamine for total intravenous anesthesia in cats. Am. J. Vet. Res., 64: 907-912.
PubMed  |  

Ilkiw, J.E., T.B. Farver, C. Suter, D. McNeal and E.P. Steffey, 2002. The effect of intravenous administration of variable-dose flumazenil after fixed-dose ketamine and midazolam in healthy cats. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 25: 181-188.
PubMed  |  

Issabeagloo, E., J. Ghiasi Ghalahkandi, A. Garachorloo and P. Kermanizadeh, 2011. Study of CNS depressant effects of NMDA receptor blockers and promethazine in sublingual administration in cat. Adv. Environ. Biol., 5: 2194-2199.

Krauss, B. and S.M. Green, 2000. Sedation and analgesia for procedures in children. N. Engl. J. Med., 342: 938-945.
Direct Link  |  

McCarthy, E.C., G.A. Mencio, L.A. Walker and N.E. Green, 2000. Ketamine sedation for the reduction of children's fractures in the emergency department. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., 82: 912-918.
PubMed  |  

Shimoyama, M., N. Shimoyama, C.E. Inturrisi and K. Elliott, 1996. Oral ketamine produces a dose-dependent CNS depression in the rat. Life Sci., 60: PL9-PL14.
CrossRef  |  

White, P.F., J. Schuttler, A. Shafer, D.R. Stanski, Y. Horai and A.J. Trevor, 1985. Comparative pharmacology of the ketamine isomers. Br. J. Anaesth., 57: 197-203.
CrossRef  |